Calculate the interest paid to interest expense ratio, which measures how much of the accrual-based interest expense reported on the income statement was actually paid out in cash during the period.

A ratio consistently below one can indicate that interest is being accrued (e.g. on payment-in-kind debt) rather than paid, while a ratio well above one can indicate the payment of previously accrued interest or a mismatch between the cash and accrual reporting periods, both of which are relevant quality-of-earnings signals.

The formula is as follows:

\[\text{Interest Paid to Expense Ratio} = \text{Interest Paid} / \text{Interest Expense}\]

A common reason for interest paid to exceed the interest expense is capitalized interest: companies building plants, fabs or networks add part of their interest to the cost of the asset, so the income statement shows less interest than was paid. When the data has no interest paid for a year, the ratio shows as 0, which means the figure is missing, not that no interest was paid.

Also known as: cash interest coverage, interest cash conversion.

Interest Paid to Interest Expense Ratio in Python or via the MCP

Install the Finance Toolkit with:

pip install financetoolkit -U

Then call get_interest_paid_to_expense_ratio as shown below.

from financetoolkit import Toolkit

toolkit = Toolkit(
    ["INTC", "MU", "HD"],
    api_key="FINANCIAL_MODELING_PREP_KEY",
    start_date="2021-01-01",
    end_date="2025-12-31",
)

toolkit.ratios.get_interest_paid_to_expense_ratio()

Or, after setting up the Finance Toolkit MCP, ask:

How did the interest that Intel, Micron and Home Depot paid in cash compare with the interest expense they reported from 2021 to 2025?

Which returns:

  2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
HD 0.9421 0.8961 0.931 0.9474 0.9971
INTC 0.9129 0.9254 0.6982 1.1978 1.0137
MU 0.9344 0.8148 0.8325 0.895 0.8763

Parameters

get_interest_paid_to_expense_ratio accepts the following parameters.

ParameterTypeDescriptionExample
roundingint | NoneThe number of decimals to round the results to. Defaults to None, which uses the rounding of the Toolkit (4 unless set otherwise).2
growthboolWhether to calculate the growth of the ratios. Defaults to False.True
lagint | list[int]The lag to use for the growth calculation. Defaults to 1.4
compoundboolWhether the growth is the compound annual growth rate over the lag (e.g. lag=5 for the five-year CAGR) instead of the total change. Defaults to False.False
standardizeboolWhether to standardize (Z-Score) the result. When combined with growth=True, standardizes the growth values instead of the raw values. Defaults to False.True
trailingintThe number of periods to sum flows (income and cash flow statement items) over, with balance sheet items averaged over the same number of period ends. E.g. 4 with quarterly data gives the trailing twelve months (TTM) and 3 with annual data a three-year cumulative figure. Defaults to None, which uses single-period flows (per quarter and not annualized with quarterly data).4
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