Equity Multiplier
Calculate the equity multiplier, a solvency ratio that measures the degree to which a company uses borrowed money (debt) to finance its operations and growth.
The equity multiplier helps assess the financial leverage of a company by indicating how much of its assets are financed by equity versus debt. A higher equity multiplier suggests that the company relies more on debt financing, which can amplify returns but also increases financial risk. Conversely, a lower equity multiplier indicates a larger portion of assets is financed by equity, potentially lowering financial risk.
The formula is as follows:
\[\text{Equity Multiplier} = \text{Average Total Assets} / \text{Average Total Equity}\]The equity multiplier is the leverage component of the DuPont analysis: return on equity equals return on assets times the equity multiplier. Banks run multipliers of around 10 or more, which is why their small returns on assets translate into returns on equity in the teens. For other companies a rising multiplier can come from new debt but also from buybacks that shrink equity.
Also known as: financial leverage multiplier.
Equity Multiplier in Python or via the MCP
Install the Finance Toolkit with:
pip install financetoolkit -U
Then call get_equity_multiplier as shown below.
from financetoolkit import Toolkit
toolkit = Toolkit(
["HSBA.L", "BNP.PA", "SAN.MC"],
api_key="FINANCIAL_MODELING_PREP_KEY",
start_date="2021-01-01",
end_date="2025-12-31",
)
toolkit.ratios.get_equity_multiplier()
Or, after setting up the Finance Toolkit MCP, ask:
How large were the balance sheets of HSBC, BNP Paribas and Santander relative to their equity from 2021 to 2025?
Which returns:
| 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BNP.PA | 23.2121 | 23.2436 | 21.5821 | 20.1378 | 20.6444 |
| HSBA.L | 14.43 | 15.1159 | 15.8512 | 15.7336 | 16.5358 |
| SAN.MC | 16.4782 | 17.1112 | 17.4988 | 17.1772 | 16.8333 |
Parameters
get_equity_multiplier accepts the following parameters.
| Parameter | Type | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
rounding | int | None | The number of decimals to round the results to. Defaults to None, which uses the rounding of the Toolkit (4 unless set otherwise). | 2 |
growth | bool | Whether to calculate the growth of the ratios. Defaults to False. | True |
lag | int | list[int] | The lag to use for the growth calculation. Defaults to 1. | 4 |
compound | bool | Whether the growth is the compound annual growth rate over the lag (e.g. lag=5 for the five-year CAGR) instead of the total change. Defaults to False. | False |
standardize | bool | Whether to standardize (Z-Score) the result. When combined with growth=True, standardizes the growth values instead of the raw values. Defaults to False. | True |
trailing | int | The number of periods to sum flows (income and cash flow statement items) over, with balance sheet items averaged over the same number of period ends. E.g. 4 with quarterly data gives the trailing twelve months (TTM) and 3 with annual data a three-year cumulative figure. Defaults to None, which uses single-period flows (per quarter and not annualized with quarterly data). | 4 |